Complete Guide for Muslimah – Darul Ma’arif Islamic Boarding School


Darulmaarif.net – Indramayu, August 21, 2025 | 20.00 WIB

Writer: Ushth. Jihan Khotun

In this day and age, there are still many Muslim women who are confused in distinguishing between menstrual blood and istihadloh. This confusion often makes worship disturbed. There are those who leave prayers even though they should remain praying because the blood that comes out is not menstrual blood, but istihadloh. Conversely, there are also those who remain praying when in fact it is still in menstruation.

This issue is important because it is directly related to the obligations of a Muslim woman, in particular prayer, fasting, and husband and wife relationship. Therefore, understanding the differences in menstruation and istihadloh is part of the science of fiqh that must be learned by every Muslim.

What is menstrual blood?

In shari’ah, menstruation is a natural blood that comes out of a woman’s womb at a certain time each month. Haidl is the nature of women and a sign of the perfection of the creation of Allah SWT.

In the book of Al-Organah explained, menstruation is:

Jabla’s blood came out of the uterus of a woman as a health problem for no reason

Meaning: “Natural blood that comes out of a woman’s womb is in good health for no reason and occurs at certain times.” (Abdurrahman bin Abdullah bin Abdul Qadir As-Saqqaf, Al-Emibanah Wal Ifadhah, [Surabaya: Haramain, 2019]Pages: 12)

Haidl blood characteristics:

  • Color: Dark red or tends to be black.
  • Texture: Smooth, smelly, and feel heavy.
  • Duration: At least a day and night, a maximum of 15 days.
  • Cycle: Usually happens every month.
  • Law: Menstruating women cannot pray, cannot fast, and cannot connect with a wife.

Rosululloh SAW told Fatimah Binti Abi Hubaisy:

O God’s messenger, I am a servant, so don’t purify the most prayers? He said: No, it’s sweat, but the prayers are called fate on days when you give up in it, then he is tempted and prayed .. told by al -bukhari

Meaning: “Yes, Rosululho, I really suffer from the end of the day, did I leave prayer? (HR. Imam Bukhori)

What is bladder blood?

Istihadloh is blood that comes out outside of menstrual habits and does not include menstrual blood. The scholars define it as blood disease, namely blood that comes out due to health problems in the uterus. Al-Imam al-Nawawi says:

And Mahoshara is a permanent modernity, so do not prevent fasting and prayer, so that the waiter is washed, and disobedience, and disobedience, and disobedience, and it is included with it, so if it is delayed for the reconciliation of prayer, it is not a group, and it is not a group that is not harmful, and it is detrimental. And ablution must be for all harassment too

Meaning: “Istihadloh is a permanent hadats like beser people, so he does not prevent fasting and prayer. So it must be (required) to wash his vagina and wrap it. He (obligatory) ablution at the time of prayer, he (obligatory) immediately performs prayers. In the opinion of Al-Shahih. Must be ablution for each fardlu, as well as renewing the dressing in the opinion of Al-Ashah, “(Al-Imam Syarifuddin Yahya An-Nawawi, Minhajut Tholibin, Juz 1, p. 19)

Characteristics of blood vessels:

  • Color: Fresh or bright red.
  • Texture: More liquid, odorless.
  • Duration: Can last for days, even constantly.
  • Law: Women remain obliged to pray, fasting, reading the Qur’an, and may be related to husband and wife after purification (ablution every time they enter the prayer time).

How to distinguish menstruation and istihadloh

Scholars in Fiqh’s books explain several ways to distinguish between menstrual blood and menstruation:

Based on habits (ʿadah)

Women who are accustomed to their monthly menstrual cycles can make it benchmark. Blood that comes out outside of time is usually considered istihadloh.

Imam An-Nawawi explained Al-Majmūʿ Syarḥ Al-Muhadzdzab (Juz 2, p. 372, Dār al-Fikr, Beirut):

If you have a known habit, he returns to him, but usually calculated in menstruation without him.

Meaning: “If a woman has a clear menstrual habit, then she returns to these habits to determine her menstrual period. And the habit is only taken into account in menstruation, not besides.” (Al-Majmūʿ Syarḥ Al-Muhadzdzab Juz 2, p. 372, [Dār al-Fikr, Beirut])

Based on the nature of blood

  • Period: More concentrated, dark, smelly, and heavy.
  • Istihadloh: More runny, fresh red, and odorless.

Imam Al-Syirazi Di Al-Muhadzdzab (Juz 1, p. 63, Dār al-Kutub al-‘ilmiyyah, Beirut) states:

And al -hayda is a supply of knowledge, thickening, and the oldest is the reddish redness of the absence.

Meaning: “Haidl blood is black, known (with its characteristics), thick, smelly, while istihadhah blood is redder, runny, and odorless.” (Al-Muhadzdzab Juz 1, p. 63, [Dār al-Kutub al-‘Ilmiyyah, Beirut])

Based on duration

  • Menstruation: The minimum duration is 1 day 1 night, a maximum of 15 days.
  • If the blood comes out for more than 15 days, then what is more likely as a staple.

Imam Zakariya Al-Anshori Dalam Asnāl-Maṭālib (Juz 1, p. 119, Dār al-Kutub al-‘ilmiyyah, 2000) confirms:

And the least of menstruation is the day and night, and more than fifteen days, so what is improved for it, is a servant.

Meaning: “This limit is a day of menstruation is a day and night, and maximum fifteen days. What is more than that is punished by istihadhah.” (Asnā al-Maṭālib (Juz 1, p. 119, [Dār al-Kutub al-‘Ilmiyyah, 2000])

Asked the members

If he is still in doubt, a Muslim woman is advised to consult with the cleric, fiqh teacher, or scholar who understands menstrual laws.

In the I^üyāʹāʹ ́quilom ʹum-don (Juz 1, p. 236, Dār al-Maʿrifah, Beirut), Imam Al-Ghozali emphasizes the importance of fiqh science:

And worship without knowledge does not make peace, because if it violates the law, it is not safe for him to fall into falsehood.

Meaning: “Do not believe without knowledge will not be perfect. Because if someone practices without knowledge, he will not be safe from falling in falsehood.” (Iḥyāʾ ʿulūm ad-din* (juz 1, p. 236, [Dār al-Maʿrifah, Beirut])

Defining menstrual blood and stubbornness is knowledge that must be known by every Muslim. Menstruation is monthly blood from special features, while istihadhah is a blood disease that does not prevent worship. By understanding the difference, a Muslim is able to do worship properly according to sharia guidance.

Islam has provided a clear guide through the Qur’an, hadith, and explanation of the scholars in the yellow book. So, do not misunderstand, because wrong law can be fatal in worship.

Hope it is useful. Wallohu a’lam.



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